小朋友怎樣學唱歌: 唱高音 // How to teach kids sing: Singing high notes
- karaoketutor
- Dec 15, 2013
- 7 min read
一、人類唱歌本能
你聽過雨夜盲女的哀曲吧？也聽過快樂的男女山歌對唱吧？這些人從未受過聲樂或唱歌技巧訓練，但他們的歌聲也同樣令你感動，因為他們完全發揮了自然的唱歌本能。我在前面所談的關於呼吸、發聲、共鳴、高音等唱歌技巧的問題，一切都逃不出自然的條件，連帶著一切物理條件，都是根據自然而產生的。遺憾的是，我們卻往往摒棄這種自然的條件，而去苦苦地找尋一些“捷徑”、“秘訣”去學唱歌，那是很可悲哀的事。
歌唱家在歌唱歌時，喉頭的作用雖屬，但心力也可左右它。在唱歌時，喉頭的動作完全是自發的，歌唱家唱歌時，想唱什麼音，聲帶張力與振盪次數就會完全與思想吻合,不用刻意著重唱歌技巧。發聲時當然還要用橫膈膜、腹肌、肋骨、喉舌等快速的力量。一個初生嬰兒，根本不知道這些事，卻能把那些力量用得很好。當他哭的時候，哭得很傷 心；他笑時，又會發出悅耳的音調。由此證明，人生本來就有一種天賦的唱歌能力，能夠自由自在地並帶有表情地使用我們的嗓子,後天的唱歌教學只是輔助。
二、先喊出高音來
我們的聲帶，要能夠抵抗下面送上來的高壓，才能運用唱歌技巧發音與唱歌。
我們先由下喊起，半音上去，＃f2、g2、＃g2為止，五個音成一組。開始不要喊太多，因為一上來你的呼吸和唱歌姿勢未必對，要邊唱邊糾正，等各 方面都配合好了，不妨多喊一些。等#g2唱好了以後，a2是另外一種呼吸方式。我們知道唱高音時要把氣息用高壓的方式壓上去，實際上在這時要用到腰部的氣 （見下節），用腰部的氣喊好了a2後，再用同樣的氣喊降b2 。
一般來說，唱高音聲部的人的高音是天生的，只是我們不去用它罷了。一個女孩子從未受過聲樂與唱歌技巧訓練，一般只能唱到f2，但當她突然碰到一件恐怖的 事情時，他會情不自禁地尖叫起來，而這一聲尖叫，可能到達highC的f3，但平時無論如何她也不會發出這麼高的音來。所以不要有顧慮，要大膽地喊出高 音，多喊的好處不比唱歌教學少。
三、呼吸及姿勢
我們如果也有機會碰見一件十分令人吃驚的事而失聲尖叫，我們一定要記住那個喊叫的姿勢，再拿來唱高音，那就對了,對唱歌很有幫助。
四、越高越容易
當我們唱歌時能練到降b2時，應該說已經突破了高音的困難，可以很容易地唱到b2、c3、＃c3、d3了，因為唱這幾個音的唱歌技巧與唱降b2的方法並無居的分別。唱降b2時喉嚨已開得比較小了，因為嘴越是張大喉嚨越小，所以，不用害怕更高的音，所需要的是急速的氣來支持高音，而急速的氣，是靠學唱歌時的刻苦的氣息練習得來的。 五、支點與對抗 如用雙手舉起一副石擔，我們的腳是向下踩的，土地是起向上托起的作用；我們的手向上推，而石擔又是向下壓。於是，這裡就有四個方向的力，腳和地面 產生了一種對抗，手和石擔又產生了對抗。我們人的身體等於氣柱，小腹和聲帶是氣息的兩個支點。氣息往上走被聲帶擋住，這裡也有“力”的對抗問題。那麼，在歌唱時小腹的支點有無變化？如果有變化是向上，還是向下？關於這個問題是有爭論的。 唱歌時，氣息不停地向外流出，氣柱越來越短，同時，小腹也向內收進來，幫助壓迫肺中的氣產一定的流量呼出。在這樣的情況下，怎麼可能把“支點”老是放在一個固定的地方，而不隨著氣息的運用向上移動呢？但我們不可忘記，雖然“支點”隨著氣息的呼出不斷地向上移，還是要保持住那向下壓的力量。試 想，我們如果要拿到高處的東西，伸長了手仍拿不到時，那麼就要在腳下墊一個箱子，如果還是拿不著，只能再加一個箱子，這樣“支點”不就提高了嗎？怎麼可能停在下面不動呢？ Sing and you在新加坡聽過一個女高音獨唱，她是代表加拿大到各國作巡迴演唱的。但她唱到高音時，脖子拉得長長的，讓人看了很不舒服。原來她是專唱德國Lied的，德國派唱法主張“支點”永遠在腹部不變。試問唱高音怎麼可以把音管拉得那麼長呢? 我們再看看前面所述的打氣筒原理，活塞柄不斷向上推，活塞也隨之漸漸地上去以保持筒身的壓力，氣息則從筒口噴出。如果將氣筒打氣比作人體的歌唱活動，即是說，橫膈膜和聲帶的距離越來越短，所以支點也逐漸改變位置，怎麼可能老停在固定的地方不動呢？
希望Sing and You為大家提供的學唱歌技巧與唱歌教學對小朋友的唱高音的發音有一定的幫助！
若果想對唱歌有更深入的認識或有任何意見，歡迎向我們專業的聲樂老師查詢：9698-1248 (可Whatsapp)。
1. The Human Instinct to Sing
Have you heard of a sad song named rainy night blind girl? Have you also heard folk songs which men and women sing happily together? These people have never received vocal training courses or singing lessons, but they did take their full advantage of the natural instinct of singing. That’s why their songs can touch the bottom of the audience’s heart. Things I mentioned earlier: breathing, phonation, resonance, pitch problems, everything can neither escape nor ignore natural conditions, even all the physical actions are naturally produced. Unfortunately, we often abandon these natural conditions and try desperately to find some "shortcuts" to learn how to sing, what a pity.
Even though singers may control their throat when singing, most of their throat action is completely spontaneous. When singers sing, they do not have to pay extra effort on singing techniques but can naturally produce different vocal tones and tensions. Of course, they still need to use the force of diaphragm, abdominal muscles, ribs, mouthpiece, etc to help them sing. Newborn babies do not know these things, but they can very well use those forces. When they cry, they produce lower tones to express sadness. When they laugh, they produce higher tones to express happiness. The sound they produced are all melodies. Therefore, our voice is our gift and unique instrument, we are able to produce sound naturally and project our voice freely. The acquired singing techniques are just assistant for us to sing better.
2. Try to produce treble
Doing kind of exercise such as the Shot Put, You have to be sure to have the power to lift up the Shot Put. People practicing martial arts will first practice fetching water in order to increase the strength of their hands and feet. This practice can prevent the sword from falling onto the ground.
Singing is nothing different. Our vocal cords have to be able to resist the high pressure brought from below to pronounce, so as to sing better.
Someone asked in the case of high-pressure, will the vocal cord emit an audible shouting and be cracked? No, just keep breathing and maintain a proper singing posture, the vocal cord can be well protected and will not crack. As for the location and the problem of covering of the treble, your treble have not shouted out yet, how to set its place?
You should start practicing treble with a low note and increase a semi key each time from # f2, g2, # g2 far, five notes into a group. Do not start trying too much, because your breathing and singing posture may not be right. You have to be singing and correcting your breathing and posture at the same time, and so on. You can try to practice with a higher volume after you master the basic singing techniques. After you can sing # g2, a2 is another challenging note. We have to sing treble and raise our key with high-pressure. In fact, this time we have to use the pressure from our waist (see next section) to produce a2, after we succeed, we can use the same amount of pressure to produce b2.
Generally speaking, the ability of singing treble is inborn, it is just we often ignore or refuse to use this ability. A girl who has never received vocal training courses or singing lessons generally can only sing to f2, but when she was frightened or encountered something terrible, she can scream out loud. This scream may reach a high C of f3, but normally she would not sing or pronounce in such a high pitch. So please do not have any concerns, just feel free to scream or sing out loud to fully exert your potentials.
3. Breathing and posture
Here are the singing tips. If we have the opportunity to encounter anything surprising which make us scream, we must remember the position and feeling of it, and then use the feeling to sing high notes. With that feeling, you are having the right technique and can sing high notes beautifully!
The singing techniques is unlike singing treble or bass, it is the pressure used on the vocal cords. When the force of the diaphragm has been used in vertex, and can not be pressurized, sound must be produced. However, those sounds may be ruined and may not be projected beautifully.
Sing and You (http://www.singandyou.com) advice is: Close the bottom part of the resonance box and open the top of the resonance box. We need to sing treble by the first cavity resonance, and we have to raise soft cover. The purpose of opening the upper lip is to improve and open the soft top cover so that we are able to sing treble easier. Sing and You（http://www.singandyou.com）
Sing and You asked for advice of closing the soft top cover from many different teachers, we found that many of them had never heard of the word “close” to describe the soft cover. Nowadays, we use "cover up" instead of "close" to explain, which is a wise choice. When we sing treble, we put up the palate and soft cap increase (similar to yawning). Pressure will be created and gathered at the top to form a dome-like space. The pressure in the space allows us to issue nice treble. If the above does not open, the air cannot go in and pressure cannot be created, how can we make treble? So, with "cover," the voice can be focused upwards. We can make a test to find this feeling: when we yawn, our palate may chilly (usually imperceptible) and that means there is a space created when we breath in.
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